As the Philippines transitions into cooler months, the arrival of the Amihan season—commonly known as the Northeast Monsoon—ushers in significant shifts in the country’s weather patterns. Originating from atmospheric conditions over Siberia, Amihan brings cool, dry winds that sweep across the archipelago. This year, the season’s onset is tied to the strengthening of a high-pressure system over Siberia, which is driving successive surges of northeasterly winds across northern Luzon.
According to PAGASA, the intensifying Siberian high-pressure area is a key driver of these changes. Over recent days, it has caused strong northeasterly winds, which began impacting northern Luzon following the passage of Super Typhoon Pepito. These winds are expected to intensify over the next two weeks, bringing a noticeable drop in surface air temperatures and higher atmospheric pressure. PAGASA notes that these shifts signal the official onset of Amihan, delivering cooler, drier air to much of the country.
Dr. Nathaniel Cruz, a retired meteorologist from PAGASA, explains the phenomenon in detail: “The Siberian high generates a buildup of cold, dense air that pushes southward, funneling its winds through East Asia. This process results in the cool and dry conditions typically experienced in the Philippines during Amihan.”
The season will primarily affect the northern and eastern regions of the country, where the cool breezes will bring lower temperatures and reduced humidity, especially during early mornings and evenings. PAGASA emphasizes that this transition marks not only cooler weather but also changes in other climate factors.
However, the surge in northeasterly winds comes with warnings. PAGASA predicts rough sea conditions, particularly along Luzon’s seaboards, which could disrupt maritime activities in affected areas.
Amihan’s cool, dry conditions are vital for certain crops, especially those harvested during the dry season. Farmers in highland areas like Baguio and the Mountain Province depend on these cooler temperatures for drying crops such as rice and corn. Migratory birds also take advantage of the season’s climate, stopping in the Philippines during their southward journey.
While Amihan remains a staple of the Philippine climate, scientists have noted that its timing and intensity are increasingly affected by climate change. Warmer Arctic temperatures can weaken the Siberian high-pressure system, disrupting established monsoon patterns. As Dr. Cruz explains, “The shifting dynamics of Amihan can have cascading effects on agriculture, weather systems, and even biodiversity in the region.”
As the Amihan season begins, Filipinos are encouraged to stay updated through PAGASA’s advisories. The season’s cool winds and climate changes bring both challenges, such as rough seas, and opportunities, like favorable agricultural conditions. By staying informed, the public can better prepare for the months ahead—whether by adjusting farming practices, monitoring maritime safety, or simply enjoying the cooler weather.
For the latest weather updates and detailed information on Amihan, follow PAGASA’s regular bulletins.
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